Article: https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/houthis-join-war
The article discusses the Houthis’ recent decision to join the conflict involving Iran, Israel, and the United States by launching missiles at southern Israel. Although the missiles did not hit their targets, the attack was the Houthis’ first involvement in the conflict. According to Houthi spokesman Yahya Saree, the strike was a response to what the group sees as increasing U.S. and Israeli actions against Iran and the wider “axis of resistance.” The article argues that the Houthis have several ways to increase leverage on their opponents, especially through the Bab al-Mandab Strait. The Bab al-Mandab is an important shipping route connecting the Red Sea to global trade networks. During previous conflicts, Houthi’s attacks in the Red Sea have disrupted international trade, forcing companies to take different routes which can be more expensive and longer. The article suggests that if the conflict continues to grow, the Houthis could use shipping and energy to pressure their opponents.
A major significance of the Houthi strike is that it shows how conflicts in the Middle East are closely connected. Although the Houthis are based in Yemen, their actions are linked to broader regional alliances involving Iran and other groups. The article suggests that the Houthis chose a more restrained response by attacking Israel while avoiding actions that would directly target the United States. This shows that the group is trying to support Iran while also protecting its own political interests in Yemen. In addition, the article highlights how a non-state actor can still have a major impact on regional politics and the global economy.
Several stakeholders could respond to this situation in different ways. The United States and Israel could strengthen air defenses and increase protection for trade routes in order to reduce the impact the war. Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates may focus on diplomacy and a more peaceful resolution because a larger conflict could threaten regional stability and their economic growth. Iran could continue supporting the Houthis politically as a way of putting pressure on the U.S. and Israel without becoming directly involved. The Houthis may also use the threat of future attacks as leverage to gain influence both within Yemen and across the region.
This article connects to several concepts discussed in IB Global Politics, including power, conflict, sovereignty, and interdependence. One important idea from class is that non-state actors can influence international politics in the same way that states can. The Houthis are an example of this because their actions can affect trade, security, and diplomacy across the Middle East. The article also shows interdependence because disruptions to major shipping routes can affect economies around the world. Additionally, the conflict creates conflicts regarding sovereignty, since external powers continue to influence events occurring within Yemen and neighboring countries.